HIV RNA Blood Test

Sample Report Test Code: 139825 Specimen Type: Blood

Description:

HIV RNA Blood Test (Labcorp)

The HIV RNA test is used to detect HIV genetic material in the blood.  Because HIV RNA is often detectable earlier than the antibodies a person's body develops, this test is sometimes used as a screening when someone is concerned they may have had a recent exposure.  An HIV RNA test can also be used as a confirmatory test for someone who has had positive results from an HIV screening. 

This test provides qualitative results, meaning it will come back with a positive or negative.  The HIV RNA test looks for both HIV 1 and HIV 2 and provides differentiated results for each type to help distinguish which form of the virus a person may be infected with.  HIV-1 accounts for the majority of cases in the United States.  Type 2 accounts for less than 1% of HIV cases in the US.  The majority of HIV 2 cases are in Western Africa although cases have appeared in other regions.  A Quantitative HIV RNA test with numerical results is also available.

HIV, or the Human Immunodeficiency Virus, attacks the immune system by destroying T-cells.  The HIV virus is spread through exposure to infected blood and bodily fluids, usually during sexual contact or intravenous drug use.  Early HIV infections may display flu-like symptoms but often show no symptoms at all.  HIV infections that go undiagnosed threaten not only the person who is infected but everyone they may potentially spread the virus to.  In time, HIV may lead to the development of AIDS.  AIDS is a condition in which the HIV virus has so badly damaged a person's immune system that they are no longer able to fight off illnesses and infections.  HIV testing is recommended for anyone who is sexually active, especially those who engage in high-risk behaviors.  Detection and treatment as early as possible are key to preventing HIV from developing into AIDS.

While the HIV RNA test is most commonly ordered as a confirmation for someone who has had positive results from previous HIV testing, it can be used as a screening for someone who believes their potential exposure is too recent for other tests to pick up.

For a full selection of testing options, please see our STD Testing Category.

Turnaround time for the HIV RNA test is typically 3-6 business days.

Where can I find an HIV RNA Test near me?

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